荆鹏伟      　王立春

Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor which commonly arises in the female genital tract and gastrointestinal tract, and very few cases arise in the retroperitoneum and abdominal cavity. Leiomyosarcoma also arises in the surrounding soft tissues, accounting for 5%-10% of all the malignant soft tissue tumors and 14% of the newly diagnosed bone and soft tissue sarcomas. By comparison, primary leiomyosarcoma of bone is rare. It was estimated that the incidence of leiomyosarcoma of bone in Sweden each year was 0.09 parts per million by Berlin and so on. There has not been the exact statistics on the incidence in our country. 1 case of leiomyosarcoma that arose in the mandible was reported by Carmody and so on in 1944. The first case of leiomyosarcoma of bone that arose in the left proximal tibia was reported by Evans and so on in 1965. Since then, more than 120 cases of primary leiomyosarcoma of bone had been reported. However, their existence had still been doubted for a long time. It is because primary leiomyosarcoma of bone is a kind of relatively rare primary bone tumor that it is very likely to lead to misdiagnosis and mistreatment. The diagnosis and treatment of primary leiomyosarcoma of bone are traditionally thought to be difficult, which are mainly based on individual reports and a few cases. Research progress on the diagnosis and treatment of primary leiomyosarcoma of bone will be reviewed in this article.