张东升 安兵兵

中文摘要:
      研究生物硬组织材料的力学性质对于预防和治疗骨科和口腔疾病具有重要意义。同时，经过长期的进化，生物材料具有独特的力学性质，研究这些材料的结构与力学性质可以为工程材料的设计提供解决方案。与工程材料不同，生物材料的力学研究需要采用特殊的方法来准确描述其力学性质。本文针对生物硬组织材料力学性质的研究方法进行综述，包括生物硬组织材料的常规力学实验方法、断裂力学和压痕测试技术, 以及微观和宏观力学数值模拟技术。
英文摘要:
      Researches on mechanical properties of biological hard tissues are of great importance to the prevention and treatment for both bone diseases and oral diseases. Meanwhile, biological materials possess superior mechanical properties due to long-term evolution, and studies on the structure and mechanical properties of these materials can provide useful solutions for the design of engineering materials. However, unlike engineering materials, mechanical studies on biological materials need specific methods to accurately characterize the mechanical performance. This paper summarized the research methods on mechanical properties of biological hard tissues, including routine mechanical tests, fracture mechanics tests, nanoindentation tests, as well as numerical simulation techniques in nano, micro and macro scales.