可吸收钉内固定治疗下胫腓联合不稳定型踝关节骨折

2010-03-05 文章来源:骨科在线 点击量:1613   我要说

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【摘要】 目的 探讨使用可吸收钉内固定治疗下胫腓联合不稳定型踝关节骨折的临床疗效 方法 自2001年至2007年共使用可吸收螺丝钉治疗108例踝关节骨折,其中有36例伴有不同程度下胫腓联合韧带损伤的踝关节骨折,并采用可吸收螺丝钉(TAKIRON PLLA)内固定,包括下胫腓联合的固定。结果 全部病例平均随访12(6~32)个月,结果显示骨折愈合良好且踝穴稳定,根据JOA评定标准(肿胀情况、关节活动度和关节间隙变化),优良率达到89% 。结论 采用可吸收钉内固定具有操作简便,下胫腓联合稳定固定,骨折复位和愈合良好,免除二次手术的优点,是治疗下胫腓联合部分不稳定型踝关节骨折的较好方法。北京西苑医院骨科邓磊

关键词  踝关节骨折  下胫腓联合损伤  内固定  可吸收螺丝钉

PLLA  screws fixated in an ankle fracture with syndesmosis ruptures

Deng Lei  Ma zhan zhong  Sun jianfeng  Li zhibin  Chen jingfeng  Zhang yandong 

Orthopedic Department of Beijing XiYuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Science

 

【Abstract】

Objective  To explore the clinical curative effect of using biodegradable screw(PLLA) in the treatment of the fractures of ankle joint with tibia-fibula syndesmotic ruptures .

Methods  From 2001to 2007 ,108 patients with ankle joint fractures were treated by bioabsorbable screws Of 36 case were sustained not only malleolar fractures but also tibia-fibula syndesmotic ruptures ,all these fractures and ruptures were treated with a bioabsorbable polylevolactic acid (TAKIRON PLLA)screw.

Result   All of 36 patients had a mean follow-up of 12 (range 6-32) months ,and had good rate 89% according to JOA evaluation icluding swelling ,joint motion and medial joint spaces in the ankles of these patients.

Conclusions   PLLA screws worked well in syndesmosis fixation in patients with an ankle fracture the advantage of PLLA screws was easy to use ,fixating stable ,no second removal procedure. It is better choice in an ankle fracture with syndesmosis ruptures .

 

Key Words  ankle fracture   syndesmosis ruptures  internal fixation   PLLA

 

    踝关节骨折无论是AO分型还是Lauge-Hensen分型,都十分关注下胫腓联合的稳定性。一旦关节失稳,易导致创伤性关节炎的发生,从而造成踝关节功能障碍。所以,恢复关节的解剖对位,特别是下胫腓联合的稳定十分重要。手术多以金属内固定物植入达到坚强内固定,属于目前常规手段。但缺点是造成应力遮挡或骨质疏松,且固定下胫腓联合的金属钉,也容易弯曲、断裂,金属物均需要再次手术取出。而采用可吸收螺丝钉作内固定物,则可以免除上述不足,同时能够保证骨折的良好固定和愈合。但可吸收钉因强度较金属钉低,不适合应力较大的骨折。本组36例踝关节骨折,属于下胫腓部分损伤踝关节骨折,部分稳定,应力较小,适宜采用可吸收螺丝钉固定。

1.     临床资料

1.1 本组36例,男性28例,女性8例。年龄18~68岁,平均42岁。均为新鲜闭合骨折,其中跌伤20例,交通伤16例。按照Lauge-Hensen分型,其中旋后外旋型15例,旋前外展型10例,旋前外旋型11例,按照AO分型则13例为A,21例为B,2例为C。根据骨折数量与联合韧带损伤程度统计,外踝在下胫腓联合水平的骨折26个,低于此处的8个,高于此处的2个;下胫腓前韧带损伤者26个,后韧带损伤7个,完全损伤者3个;合并内踝骨折3例,后踝骨折26例,内踝三角韧带损伤6例。伤后平均手术日3天(3小时~7天).

1.2内固定材料为他喜龙可吸收螺丝钉(TAKIRON  Bioabsorbable  PLLA),直径为3.5mm和4.5mm,

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