高明　张清　牛晓辉

Aseptic loosening ( AL ) is one of the most common complications in tumor prostheses. Loss of bone quantity and decline of bone quality are the main challenges that orthopedists encounter when they deal with AL. Based on the latest reports, prosthesis revision is the primary choice in the treatment of AL, and it can provide relatively satisfactory outcomes when compared with other methods. While it needs enough bone quantity and good bone quality for prosthetic stability. In some reports, it can get a median Musculoskeletal Tumor Society ( MSTS ) functional score of 96% ( range: 50%-100% ) after an average follow-up of 101 months ( range: 47-155 months ) after the surgery. Besides this, allograft-prosthesis composites ( APCs ) are another choice. Allograft segments are used to construct a certain fixation arm to get a more stable fixation. However, its outcomes are not as satisfactory as that of prosthesis revision. According to some reports, after an average follow-up of 59 months after the surgery, it can provide an average MSTS functional score of 62% ( range: 57%-67% ). While we must take account that these patients receiving APCs always have less bone quantity and worse bone quality, when compared with those only receiving prosthetic treatment. In recent years, a new type of prosthesis based on extra-cortical plate fixation has been used in the revision, which is superior to the conventional intramedullary stem prosthesis. The current results illustrate that it has certain application prospects, but high-quality studies are needed to further demonstrate it. When the loss of bone quantity and decline of bone quality are too serious to perform limb salvage treatment, rotationplasty and amputation may be a choice. However, great attention must be paid to their indications.